Karmiel

Karmiel
Our view of the Galile
Showing posts with label Martyrdom. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Martyrdom. Show all posts

Friday, May 17, 2024

Holy Letters- Parshat Emor 2024 5784

 

Insights and Inspiration

from the

Holy Land

from

Rabbi Ephraim Schwartz

"Your friend in Karmiel"

 May 17th 2024 -Volume 13 Issue 31 9th of Iyar 5784

Parshat Emor 

Letters

 

Nobody writes letters anymore. Is the post office even still in business? Oh yeah… I forgot someone has to deliver, and more importantly return, all of those Amazon packages my wife orders. But who writes letters these days? Who even types messages that are longer than a few sentences and  that don’t have emjois in them? I don’t mean the fundraising ones, or the legal ones, or even the Holiday greetings or invitations, I mean the good old fashioned

 “Hi Mom, how are you doing?”

“Camp is great”

“I love yeshiva”

“I made lots of friends”

“Send money…”

“Love, Ephraim”

Yeah, my mother still has plenty of those meaningful letters tucked away in a box in the attic, that all pretty much end the same way. I have a box in my office, as well, with some of those letters that she sent me. All of them with words of Mussar and important reminders that I would’ve probably forgotten without them, like to stay out of trouble, study hard and brush my teeth at night before I went to bed. You know all of those things that the average 20-year-old might forget without his mother’s reminders.

That box also has letters that I received from friends of mine, some from when I was in camp, some from when I was learning in yeshiva in Israel. I even have a few that some off my Rabbis took the time to write me and my siblings too. Although, on those as I could just picture my mother standing on top of my sisters’ heads telling them that they better write a few words to their brother in Israel, if they know what’s good for them, or want dinner tonight. Yeah, my father’s head too..

 There’s something special about the written word. Something precious about seeing that ink on yellowed paper and the scrawl upon it that is not just words, but the time and thought that and heart and soul that someone special and close to me took to dedicate to tell me that they’re thinking about me. It’s something that typed words on a screen, or an E-Mail could never convey. I don’t care how many heart emojis you put in it; they don’t come close to seeing in someone’s handwriting the word “love” written out…

 We’ve lost that. It’s sad. One can even suggest that it’s symbolic or reflective of the impersonal social media social media relationship world that we are living in. People today have “friends”, have “likes”, have “followers” but they don’t have that closeness, that heart and that neshoma that my pre-techno generation had. We’re “connected more than ever before, but those connections area as deep as the screen they’re printing on and the delete box or “folder” that you will never open again.

 Yet in Israel today there is one area where that neshoma of writing can still be found. Tragically and movingly a custom has developed of letter writing by young soldiers before they are going into battle. In ancient times the Talmud tells us that the soldiers that went out to battle in the times of King David would all write a “Get” (Jewish divorce documents) to their wives. This was so that in case they were killed or captured or disappeared in battle and were unidentified their wives would be able to remarry and not remained “chained” to a marriage and spouse whose fate may never be resolved. Today’s soldiers don’t write letters to divorce, but rather to remain connected eternally to their families and loved ones. To share with them their ideals, their values, their love and deepest thoughts, because they are going to a place from where they may never return and have the opportunity to ever tell them how much they mean to them. What the really important things to them are.

 I’ve read these letters, many which families have released to the press or the public. Some which the families I have met shared with me, some even blood soaked or covered with ash and burn marks taken from their child-soldiers’ bodies, as they carried them close to their hearts in the battlefields. The letters rip the heart open. They’re filled with light. They’re filled with love. There is wisdom, depth and inspiration, that one reading them would ever think, is far beyond the young 19, 20, years these young boys have been on the earth could ever intuit. There are letters from older married miluimnik reserve soldiers to their families’, their children, their parents, their spouses.

  There are the letters from the so many expecting fathers that understood as they put on their uniforms and took their guns and got in the jeeps leaving at the doorway their pregnant newly married wife, that may have been their childhood sweetheart, that they may never hold that young son that is in their mother’s belly. The young son, who will never say the word “Abba”.

 The letters explain to this child that Abba loves him. That Abba is sad that he is not at your bris, your bar mitzva, to walk him down the Chuppa. Not there in the flesh, but always there in spirit. Yes, Abba is sad that he was taken so early and won’t be there. But he didn’t have a choice. He went to make the world a better and safer place. He went to destroy darkness. He was killed, because the nation needed him. The land had to be redeemed. The honor of Hashem and the Jewish people needed to avenged. We are born and placed here in this world to bring that light to the world. To reveal the truth of our existence. To make the world a place to where the Shechina could reside. A world of joy and happiness and eternal peace. One, where you, my son, could grow up and bask in its glory. That’s why Abba is not here. I’m not here, so you could live and flourish in a better world than the one that we are in now.

 There is only one army in the world where letters like this are being written. There is only one country where such bright light is shining forth from its blood-soaked earth. It has always been hard to imagine that scene our Talmud tells us about the martyrdom of Rebbi Chanina Ben Tradyon in the times of the Mishna, who was wrapped in Torah scrolls and set aflame by the Romans in public display. Our sages tell us that as those scrolls burnt the letters flew off to the heavens. They were eternal. Yet, in reading these holy letters written today by our so many heroic martyrs one understands that our sages our telling us that the holy words written for generations are much more than ink on paper. They are eternal. They have a neshoma. They dance and cry and float above our nation forever. The bodies may be destroyed, but their words last forever.

This week in our Torah reading of Parshat Emor we come to a turning point in the Torah. The Book of Vayikra which is the middle book of the Torah divides between the first two books which discuss the development of our nation and the last two books which are our journey from Sinai to the land of Israel. The other four books are the body of the Jewish people. Vayikra is the heart and it’s neshoma.

  That heart, much like a physical heart, is itself divided into parts. The first part of the book contains the sacrifices and the laws and process of a maintaining and achieving purity. The ways that we become close to Hashem, to our core and the things to avoid and how to overcome the blockage of Tumah that will clog our spiritual arteries. The rest of the book, from here on in, discusses how we can take that holy spirit and bring it out to the world and realize it. It’s the holidays, the land of Israel, and the blessings and the curses that lay in our hands and the actions that we take to bring that light to the rest of the world.

Parshat Emor is the center of it all. It starts with a description of the laws of the Kohanim who are the divine “veins” that transmit that kedusha- that holy spiritual energy to us and from us to Hashem. The pure state they must always be in, the complete unblemished nature that not only they must have to carry our supplications, but of the life force and blood of the offerings we bring. The Parsha concludes with the connection to Hashem, that all start to be made when all the required prerequisite conditions are met. When we are spiritually healthy. When the lights go on and are plugged in. The world then becomes a place where we have Mo’eid- we have meetings with Hashem. We visit Him. We are mikra’ei kodesh- we can call and establish holiness to the world.

 The centerpiece of all this, of the entire Torah, of our Exodus from Egypt and the turning point transition is really one essential mitzva. The Mitzva that encapsulates everything. The Mitzva of Kiddush Hashem, perhaps one of the most fascinating in all the Torah. The verse tells us.

 You shall faithfully observe My commandments: I am Hashem.

V’Lo ti’chalilu es sheim kodshi- You shall not profane My holy name,

Vi’nikdashti b’toch Bnai Yisrael -that I may be sanctified in the midst of the Israelite people—

Ani Hashem mi’kadishchem- I am Hashem Who sanctifies you.

I who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God, I am Hashem. (Vayikra: 22:21-23)

 Three times it says “I am Hashem” in case you didn’t notice. We need to observe the mitzvos. We can’t make a Chilul Hashem. And in case you didn’t know… I’m the God that took you out of Egypt…

 It’s a strange mitzva, I noted this year. Because it would seem that the Torah is telling us that Hashem is the One that will fulfill this Mitzva.” I am Hashem Who sanctifies you” He will be sanctified amongst us. We need merely to not be mechalel His Name and then boom- He is sanctified. There are no other mitzvos that I know of that Hashem tells us that He does them for us. It doesn’t say He is the one that will shake the Lulav for us, it doesn’t say He will bring sacrifices for us or learn Torah or honor or our parents. Yet He is the One that sanctifies us.

 Now Rashi  explains this central mitzva and it’s Egypt connection in that the Torah is telling us this to understand

Al menas kein – on this condition.

 The entire reason Hashem took us out of Egypt was for this reason and on this condition. This is what it’s all about. And what is the mitzva?

 Masor atzmecha v’kadesh shemi- give yourself up and sanctify My name.

U’Kishe’moser atzmo, yimsor al atzmo al menas la’mus- when you give yourself up, do it on the condition that you will die. And not that you will be miraculously saved.

 Our mitzva is to sanctify Hashem. To be martyred. To be “shahid-“ed. In doing that, Hashem’s name becomes sanctified. He sanctifies us. His name, that is within us, becomes revealed. There’s a fine nuance in that. It’s not Hashem who becomes sanctified. It’s His Name. The mitzva is called Kiddush Hashem. The sin of not fulfilling it is called Chilul Hashem. Hashem isn’t God. The translation of the word ‘Ha-Shem’ is “the Name”. Hashem is kadosh- is Holy, is separate from everything physical and material that we experience. We don’t sanctify Him. He’s already holy. We sanctify His Name.

What does that mean? What was our Exodus all about? How is His Name sanctified? The Name of Hashem is His signature on Creation. It’s the letter that we possess in our souls with His name on it that we are meant to deliver to the world. The word ‘Chilul’, comes from the word ‘chalal’- a vacuum. In modern Hebrew it is outer space. A big dark void. When one makes a chilul Hashem, then what you are doing is removing the light and letter of Hashem that is here in this world and creating a vacuum. When one denies Hashem, when one covers up His name, when someone says that living another day is the most important thing in this world, then they are placing their lives at the center and Hashem’s name becomes profaned. It falls into a black hole.

 Pharaoh in Egypt understood this, and this was particularly his agenda. Give them work. Make their lives revolve around staying alive another day. Let them live from telush to telush- pay stub to pay stub. From meal to meal, from day to day. The light and letter inside of us was getting erased, was becoming a void. There was a chilul Hashem. Hashem took us out to create a Kiddush Hashem. To create a nation that is willing to stand up and say that life isn’t the purpose within itself. Life is about revealing Hashem in the world. He took us out to create a nation that is willing to declare to the world that they understand that Chilul Hashem-a world without the Name of Hashem, is one that we are willing to give up our lives to make sure never happens.

 There is “Ani Hashem” within us. There’s a letter in our pocket, in our hearts, it is our very essence and soul. We are sanctified by Hashem already. We just need to be moser atzmo- we need to deliver ourselves. We need to remove our own ego, our sensed that life is about us rather than Him. When we are moser atzmo- and deliver that letter we remove taht chilul Hashem and Hashem becomes revealed. It will be read by the world.

 Now to be clear, we are not a nation of death and martyrdom. We don’t have 70 brides waiting up in heaven for us. We don’t even live or do anything for reward or for fear of punishment. Last week’s parsha taught us, precisely the opposite. V’Chai Ba’hem- we are meant to live and fulfill the mitzvos. If there is a danger to one’s life, then not only should we violate the commandment in order to live, but one who sacrifices their life for any command-besides the three biggies (idolatry, adultery and murder), is considered as if he took his own life needlessly. If you’re sick and at risk of life then you’re obligated to violate Shabbos, to eat on Yom Kippur and even have an abortion. We are a religion of life. Because we understand that our lives have the highest purpose and only when we are alive can we deliver and reveal Hashem and bring out the sanctification of His Name.

Yet that is all premised and conditioned on if that’s what our lives are about.  It’s if at the center of the lives we understand have been granted to us, is to being willing to give it up in order to reveal the Ani Hashem that is the heart of those lives and the mitzvos that we do. We’re not here to observe a series of commandments and rituals to get reward in the World to Come. We’re here to live, and through all the mitzvos that we do reveal that our entire lives are just one message to the world. We have a letter to deliver. That we will give up our lives to deliver. It is to tell the entire world that it is really full of His glory. They have a letter to deliver too. The letter is written to them.

 Our Chayalim are the ones that are delivering those letters to the world today. The word chayal itself is the same as chilul with one difference, the letter ‘yud’-Hashem’s name is at there center. The chayal transforms the chilul into holiness. With their sacrifice, with their one-minded focus and determination to give it all up for Klal Yisrael, for Eretz Yisrael, with their singing and dancing “Am Yisrael Chai”, they are declaring, not just that we are alive, but that we are the essence of life. We possess the secret of what life really is about. Od Avinu Chai- our Father lives within us.

With all your darkness, with all your evil, with all your politics, with all your attempts to destroy that letter through every generation, we live. We will never die. Dying happens when one’s entire existence is defined by their physical existence. Life, which is eternal, reveals itself when one’s identity transcends this world. It’s when we understand that Ani Hashem is within us. Just as He is eternal so are we. That is the Kiddush Hashem. That is the letter that our lives are meant to deliver.

 Each day when we pray shemona esrei we recite the first three essential blessings. The first is twhere we come from. It is the book of Bereishit and Shemot. We are the children of Avraham, Yitzchak and Yaakov. The second blessing is the blessing of our lives. Hashem not only Gives life, but he Gave us an eternal life that is mechayei meisim- that will give life to the dead. He is meimis u’mechaya- He brings death and He brings back to life. We never die. When we understand that, we then come to the third blessing Ata Kadosh, we recite Kedusha. We reveal the holiness of Hashem in this world.

 Every Jew, no matter how disconnected from Judaism, recites the Kaddish. We understand that death is not final. There is holiness, that continues and perhaps even shines greatest in death. Kaddish is that letter that every Jew recites when their loved one dies. It’s what’s being recited by so many parents this year for their sons who have fallen, for their loved ones who were killed. It’s the letter that those that perhaps didn’t merit to actually write those letters to their loved ones, but that their deaths al kiddush Hashem on behalf of our people and our land has been written. Yisgadel Vi’yitkadesh Shemei Rabba- the Name of Hashem has gotten greater and greater. It’s been revealed. The letter has been delivered. Enough of them have already been read. So many Kaddishes, so many letters, so many millennia of martyrs. It’s time for the Mo’ed to begin. For the rest of the book of Vayikra. For us to come to the land.

 Acharey Mos, Kedoshim- after the death of all the martyrs. Emor- we say, we read, we declare, Behar- on the mountain, that holy mountain that we await to rebuild Your house. Bechukosai-where we will finally be able to understand and fulfill your decrees, the words and letters that are chakuk- that you have engraved upon our hearts.

  Have a holy Shabbos,

Rabbi Ephraim Schwartz

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CHIZUK/TZEDAKA OPPORTUNITY OF THE WEEK 

Moshav Tkuma Fueling Heros, Nourishing Courage - 7 kilometers from the Gaza border lies Moshav Tkuma. Hamas terrorists drove by the Moshav on October 7th, and by miracle did not enter. Avichai and Keren Koch, devoted friends and members of Moshav Tkuma have found themselves at the forefront of a much needed, lifesaving operation. Their son has enlisted as an IDF soldier stationed in Gaza and they have evolved their preexisting fruit packing warehouses into a much needed supply and food stop for soldiers.

Tens of thousands of soldiers are stationed on the border of Gaza and frequent their location to receive a warm meal. They are currently baking on average 200 pies of pizza a day, with many unit commanders coming from Gaza to pick up warm food for their brave soldiers. They have opened a tent on the property where hundreds of soldiers come daily at night to enjoy a hot meat meal and live entertainment. They also send over 500 shabbat meals/packages into Gaza every week. When they have a stock of desired supplies, the IDF soldiers graciously accept all of them. The Moshav Tkuma operation is running solely on donations to ensure they have the stock of supplies and food needed so the soldiers can come to recharge and restock. The list as of today includes many items such as socks, underwear, tactical knee Pads, rain covers, sleeping bags, tents, neck gaiters, thermal wear, headlamps, camelbak bladders, warm gear for sleeping, showers, etc…. Please join us in this cause to support our heroes in and around Moshav Tkuma. Thank you for considering our proposal and for your potential contribution to this vital endeavor. Sincerely, Avichai and Keren Koch & Arielle Setton 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Ardm3CixAM  

and in English

https://youtu.be/ydxFtrioJuQ

And here’s the link to donate                

 DONATE TO THE CAMPAIGN

https://givebutter.com/kerensplace

 YIDDISH PROVERB OF THE WEEK

" Az dos harts iz ful, geyen di oygn iber.” - When the heart is full, the eyes overflow.        

RABBI SCHWARTZ'S TOUR GUIDE EXAM QUESTION OF THE WEEK

answer below at end of Email

6. The name of the preacher’s stage in a mosque is____.

The battle that caused the split between the Shia and the Sunni took place in:

A)  Iraq

B) Iran .

C) Egypt

D) the Land of Israel

 RABBI SCHWARTZ’S COOL VIDEO OF THE WEEK


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IynusNhRce4 – Im not the biggest Acapella fan..but here’s a great playlist if your into it and are having music withdrawal.

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKWvPXKa678  - Beuatiful Old time Ahavas Yisrael from Yehudah song sung Acapella Baruch Levine…

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iByY7AmZ0PQ&t=88s  –  SORRY ABOUT LAST WEEK HERE”S THE CORRECT LINK to --Reb Shlomo Carlebach two incredible stories that You Never know.. loving and hating for this week’s parsha.

 https://www.mako.co.il/mako-vod-keshet/eretz_nehederet-s21/shorts/Video-bc5ab3041987f81026.htm - Funny Eretz Nehederet Yom Ha’atzmaut skit for the Hebrew speakers…

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNyhjjW0Suc&list=OLAK5uy_nWlrXERoIO8ewiv_hBIfaWkm1SKPtflJY  –  Ein Zeh Hastara by Mendy Worch and the Thank You Hashem Chevra… Beuatiful twist on Hastara song…

 RABBI SCHWARTZ’S PARSHA PRAYER INSPIRATION OF THE WEEK

 Biblical or Rabbinical?- We’ve spent a half or year discussing Tefilla- Prayer, and yet we haven’t yet discussed what the obligation is. It’s time… There is a famous dispute between the Rambam and the Ramban whether this is a biblical obligation or not. The Rambam repeatedly counts the mitzva to daven once a day minimally as a biblical obligation of V’Avadatem es Hashem- the service the Torah tells us we must have of Hashem. The Ramban disagrees and brings various sources from the Talmud that seem to say quite clearly that prayer is rabbinical.

 There are exceptions though. Both the Ramban and Rambam agree that when a person or the nation is in a time of trouble then there mitzva from the Torah to turn to Hashem. The entire function of the trouble is for us in fact to turn our eyes to Hakadosh Baruch Hu and realize that it is only through Him that we can find salvation. So now, in war, when so many of our brothers and children are in danger daily, every psalm of Tehillim that you recite is in fact a biblical  mitzva… not bad…

 In this week’s Torah portion interestingly enough, and you might miss this-as I did for years- the Ramban writes of another biblical obligation. The Rav of Karmiel, Rav Margalit, in his incredible sefer Mapik Margalit, notes that the Ramban writes that when the Torah describes the mitzva of the holidays that the Torah tells us that these are appointed times which we are “Mikra’ei Kodesh” – which we should call out to be holiday. The Ramban explains this Mitzva that there is a biblical mitzva for us to gather in the House of Hashem on the appointed days,

 “in order to sanctify the day publicly with prayer and praise to Hashem in clean garments and to make them days of feasting…”  

 The Pri Megadim thus notes that according to this Ramban it would seem that prayer on the holidays is as well in fact a biblical commandment. ‘’

 Rav Margalit suggests perhaps, based on the Ohr Samayach, that this might be a Rabbinic Mitzva that has the stature of a biblical one. Since our sages saw that Hashem wanted us to pray, by commanding us to do so in times of trouble. So our sages thus understood and commanded based on that that one should do so on holidays as well. He compares this Mitzva to the Rambam’s opinion of the mitzva to remember our exodus of leaving Egypt, daily. There as well, he notes that the opinion of the Rambam is that it would be Rabbinical, but that the Rabbis decreed it because they understood that since Hashem wanted us to remember the story as He cold us on Pesach night, they understood it is Ratzon Hashem and thus decreed its daily prayer based on that.

So what comes out from all this, that certainly to appreciate that tefilla is our basic service to Hashem. Hashem wants our prayers and there is a mitzva to do so biblically in times of trouble. As well all agree that it is the will of Hashem on special occasions that we not just celebrate with Hashem, but talk to Him. Communicate and praise Him. A Moed is our date, and Hashem doesn’t want us to be awkwardly quiet, or focused on the food on the table. He’s our date for the night, spend the time communicating with Him.

 RABBI SCHWARTZ'S ERA’S AND THEIR PLACES AND PEOPLE IN ISRAEL OF THE WEEK

701 BC-Appropriate Measures?-  As we said last week, with Sancheirev coming to siege Yerushalayim after destroying 46 cities in Yehudah and the destruction of the city of Lachish, which second to Jerusalem was the most fortified in Yehuda, Chizkiya took various measures to defend the city. One of those measures the Navi told us was the sealing up of the springs around Yerushalayim and particularly the Gichon Spring which brought the water to the city. He rerouted the waters through an underground tunnel which we spoke about last week, as the famous Chizkiya’s tunnel in the Ir Dovid today. Was this a good thing or not? I mean besides for the fact that there is now something fun for me to do with tourists and families besides just all the history of the old city on a Jerusalem tour.

 Now, I’m sure that many, especially those that have toured the tunnels with a good guide have heard that the Talmud (Brachos 10b) teaches us that the this one of the three things that our sages did not agree with Chizkiya on; along with sending the doors of the Heichal to Sancheirev and the adding an extra month of Nissan to the year- both of which we’ve spoke about. Yet fascinatingly enough the simple verses don’t seem to say this was a problem and it even seems to say that Chizkiya did discuss this decision with the sages and it doesn’t tell us of any issues that they had with it.

 Fascinatingly enough the Radak brings the Avos D’rebbi Nasan midrash (2:4) that writes that this was one of four things that Hashem did agree with Chizkiya about and even made him successful as the Navi tells us. Even more fascinating in the prayers that we recite on Hoshana Rabba we ask Hashem to save us and bring water and rain in the merit of Chizkiya who stuffed up the springs of water in the face the blasphemer (Sancheirev). There are a few approaches, as there usually is amongst the commentaries.

 The Chida suggests that there were some sages that that felt it was a proper thing and others that felt that he should have faith. And even though most disagreed with Chizkiya, but ultimately Hashem decided to make Chizkiya successful because he did follow the words of some of the sages. The Malbim similarly takes a different approach that although the sages disagreed with Chizkiya, Hashem allowed him to be successful but only as a test to see if he would have faith in Hashem or not, which ultimately he did.

 But perhaps the most fascinating approach is that of the Maharsha as explained by Rav Neria who differentiates between the plugging up of all the springs and then specifically of the Gichon spring. He even seems to suggest that if one is medakdek and looks carefully at the words of the midrashim and the verses and the Hoshana Rabba piyyut it seems to suggest that they are referring to separate springs. That whereas all of the other springs the sages felt it was prudent and appropriate for Chizkiya to block up, the Gichon spring was different. That spring the sages felt he should’ve let along. Rav Neriah explains perhaps that since that specific spring was used for all of the rituals associated with the Beit Ha’Mikdash, then Chizkiya shouldn’t have messed with it. Just as the house of Hashem didn’t require any extraordinary measures to protect it, the spring of Gichon has that same sanctity and its almost a defilement of the site to plug it up. To shut down a holy place because of danger from an enemy is not right. The sages felt he shouldn’t do it. It’s a desecration.

Does that have anything to do with the decision to shut down Meron and the tomb of the Rashbi on Lag Ba’Omer this year because of the threat of Hezballa terrorists? You decide…😊  

 RABBI SCHWARTZ'S TERRIBLE MAIL JOKES OF THE WEEK

Today I went to the post office to mail 20 letters... so I bought 20 stamps...

and the clerk just handed them to me. So I said "Am I supposed to stick all these on myself?"...and she said "No. Stick them on the envelopes.."                                                            

 An elephant went to the post office to get a PO Box. The clerk was happy to address the elephant in the room.

 Did you know if you rearrange the letters in "THE POST OFFICE" Nobody gets their mail.

 Why don't women work at the post office? It's a mail dominated industry.

 A marine biologist walks into the post office and says he needs to send a large tank overnight. The postal worker asks for the dimensions of the tank and when the biologist gives them to him the postal worker says, "We can't send a tank that big overnight. It'll have to go by freight train."

The biologist pleads with the postal worker. He says, "That tank contains a marine mammal that is very sick. Can't you make an exception and send it by air overnight so that it can get the treatment it needs? I've been working with him for years and he’s one of the sweetest, smartest animals I've encountered. Here's a photo."

The postal worker looks at the photo and thinks for a moment, and then he says, "Okay. We can make an exception. But only for this express porpoise."

 A guy walks into a post office one day to see a middle-aged, balding man standing at the counter methodically placing "Love" stamps on bright pink envelopes with hearts all over them. He then takes out a perfume bottle and starts spraying scent all over them.

His curiosity getting the better of him, he goes up to the balding man and asks him what he is doing. The man says "I'm sending out 1,000 Valentine cards signed, 'Guess who?'"

"But why?" asks the man.

"I'm a divorce lawyer," the man replies.

 Why don't you put a post office next to a liberal arts college? They'll always argue over the male agenda.

 What begins with a P, ends with an E and has a million letters in it? Post office

 Why will the U.S. Post Office never issue a Donald Trump stamp? Because 60 percent of Americans would spit on the front side, and 40 percent would lick the back side..

 The problem with the American two-party system is that everyone agrees one political party is stupid and the other party is evil. But they violently disagree about which one is which.

 I was at the Post Office, when I saw a blonde woman shouting into an envelope.

I asked, "what are you doing ??"

The blonde replied, "Sending a voice mail"....

 Odd how you can only send mail during the day. They are called post office hours, after all. OYY…

 The new mailman is delivering a registered parcel and needs a signature, so he rings the doorbell. Sadie sticks her head out of the bedroom window and says, "Nu, what is it?"

"I have a registered parcel for Mrs. Levy," he replies.

"Is it wrapped in fancy gift paper or just plain brown paper?" Sadie asks.

"Ordinary brown paper, madam," he replies.

"So who is it from?" Sadie asks.

"It's from Macy's department store," he replies.

"Does it say from which branch?" Sadie asks.

"Yes, madam," he replies, "it's from Main Street."

"Does it say what's in it?" Sadie asks.

"It says it's from their Cooking ware department," he replies. "Will you now come down and sign for it, please."

"Sorry," replies Sadie, "I can't do that."

"Why not?" he asks.

"Because," Sadie replies, "I'm Sadie Cohen. Mrs. Levy lives next door."!

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 The answer to this week”s question is A– I got this one right but the truth is I really didn’t think I would. I mean the second part was easy. I knew that the battle was not in Iran, Egypt, or Israel. I wasn’t sure if it was Syria or Iraq but I probably would’ve gone with Iraq anyways which was the right answer as Syria wasn’t even a choice. Not that I knew it was called the battle of Karballa. Islam and Arabs are not my thing. The first part of the question though I really thought I didn’t know. I guessed Minbar would be the answer, although I was pretty sure I was wrongn and a Minbar was the hole in the wall that points to Mecca. But I didn’t know any other word So I gueesed it and I was right! The groove in the wall is called a Michrab in case you care… So anyways I got another one  right and the score is now.  Rabbi Schwartz 5 and Ministry of Tourism 1 on this exam so far.

Thursday, November 2, 2023

A Mother's Tears- A Father's Crown- Parshat Vayeira 2023 5783

 

Insights and Inspiration

from the

Holy Land

from

Rabbi Ephraim Schwartz

"Your friend in Karmiel"

November 3rd 2023 -Volume 13 Issue 4 19th of Cheshvan 5784

 

Parshat Vayeira

 

A Mother’s Tears- A Father’s Crown

 

I visited Kever Rachel last week. It was the day before her Yahrtzeit and I had heard that because of the army’s concern of large gatherings in any specific place, her tomb would be closed the next day. Almost every year since her tomb was returned to us in 1967 more and more come from all over the country and even the world to pray at our Mama’s tomb. Back in 67’ it was hundreds or thousands. Today there are tens of thousands that come.

 

But this year she would be all alone. This year her children, who seemed to need her prayers most during these horrific times, would not be by her side to beg her to continue crying before Hashem. To ask her to not stop pleading that Hashem bring that promise that he made to her 3000 years ago that all her children would return to their borders. Mama Rachel would be alone, and we would be mother-less once again.

 

Yet I thought to myself at the time, that it is no wonder that Kever Rachel is closed to us on her yahrtzeit this year. This is a year that started off with nothing the way that it’s supposed to be. On Rosh Hashana which fell out on Shabbos this year, we didn’t blow shofar. On Sukkos as well we didn’t shake Lulav and Etrog on the only day that we are biblically mandated to- which is the first day, which also fell out on Shabbos. Finally, our Simchas Torah had its joy taken from us in the terrible attack and outbreak of war that we find ourselves in. Mama Rachel’s yartzeit without her, is the cherry on top of the cupcake or the straw on the camel’s breaking back perhaps, in a year that has been like no other in the history of our people.

 

Yet it was not merely Mama Rachel’s Yartzeit last week. It was also the birthday of the son that she gave birth to as she died; Binyamin or the son that she called Ben Oni- the son of my grief. It’s a strange name to give your child. I know that when I was a kid one of the things my mother- a good Jewish mother like many- would say to me was…

“You’re killing me with all of your mishigas already…”

 When I was really bad and she had to up the ante it would be

“Why don’t you just stick a knife in my heart already…”

(I think she said that when she found out that I was smoking…). I brushed it off, although I felt guilty. But this is a new level, Binyamin actually did kill his mother. She died while giving birth to him. So how do you think he would feel walking around with a name “Son of my grief” or the “Son who killed his mother”. What’s pshat in this name?

 

Now to be fair, as we see, Yaakov quickly changes his name to Binyamin- the son of my right hand or my strength. In fact many of the commentaries suggest that was really Rachel’s intent as well. As we find that in Yaakov’s final blessing of his son Reuvein he tells him that he is Reishis Oni- the first of his strength. Besides grief the word oni also translates as ‘strength’, which in itself needs explanation. But Yaakov was merely explaining Rachel’s words, that her intent was to call her son the son of her strength. Thus he called him Binyamin- the more positive translation of the word Ben Oni. The question though is why didn’t Rachel just call him that herself? Why leave her son with a name that recalls the grief and the period of Aninut- the period of grief and mourning with in which he came into the world?

 

The answer I heard from my Rebbi, Reb Mordechai Alon, is so powerful and so relevant. It screams out at us today and it is everything that we ever knew to be true. It’s an idea that we can appreciate now more than ever. There are so many children of grief today in Eretz Yisrael. So many orphans. So many that are still in the stage of aninut where they haven’t even brought their loved ones to burial. They don’t know if they are alive or dead. Or perhaps even worse, what is a better fate to hope for- considering the alternative is that they are being held by sub-human monsters in Gaza. There are so many bnai oni today that are grieving. That are Binyamin. That are the children of Rachel.

 

Do you know what Rachel was telling her son in giving him his name? She was telling him,

 

“Binyamin, I’m not going to be there for you in your lifetime to take you to Gan. I won’t be there to kiss you Layla tov at night and say shema with you. I won’t be at your Bar Mitzva… your chasuna.. your simchas… I won’t be in any of your family albums. You are my son that was born in grief.

 

But Binyamin, I want you to know that Oni will be your strength. It will be your right hand. It will be your light in that darkness because you will know that I will always be with you. Even more than if I was here with you. I will be your meilitz yosher- your divine advocate in shamayim and I will never stop crying, davening and beseeching our Father in heaven for you and all of your descendants. You are my Ben Oni but that will always be your greatest strength in the darkest of times.”

 

This weeks parsha is a supernatural one. There are more angels in it than any other parsha. It starts with Avraham’s guests that are angels. Lot sees angels that come to save him. Hagar does as well when Yishmael is chased out. Finally, at the end of the parsha, we have once again by the binding of Yitzchak an angel that comes to Avraham to tell him to stop. There are things not from this world going on.

 

 It’s a parsha of supernatural occurrences and revelations. Hashem wipes out 5 cities overnight. We have Sarah giving birth at age 90 and nursing babies. We have Avraham being told he must throw out his son Yishmael, whom he loves. Yishmael who attempted to kill Yitzchak and destroy our nation- but yet ultimately, we find will do teshuva and is saved because Hashem only judges him as he is now. Hashem reveals himself to Avimelech the king of Gerar- which is Gaza by the way. The Philistines. He tells him get his hands off of Sarah whom he had taken as his prisoner. His captive. His hostage. And finally, Hashem tells Avraham to shecht his son Yitzchak. Things that are not normal, happen in the Parsha. It’s like the world went crazy all of a sudden. And Avraham is caught right in the middle of it all.

 

The Midrash notes that these tests of Avraham and the dramatic transformation comes from the Bris that he just entered at the end of last week’s parsha. Yishmael also had a bris. He had a merit. This parsha is about separating him from Avraham. It’s about showing Avraham that the world of Yishmael will be different than his world. For Yishmael lives in a world that is here and now and what he defines to be his, he will take. Avraham though is living in a world that will never be what it seems.

 

Our Parsha is aptly called Va’yeira- And Hashem appeared to Avraham, because in this parsha Hashem will reveal to Avraham, the man of kindness, that there is a world of evil, a world where it needs to be destroyed, chased out, and even plagued. There is a world where his children will be asked to give their lives for their faith and where our wives might be kidnapped, and where our children’s lives will be threatened and tempted. It’s a world where he will feel alone. Where the other nations that might even seem more powerful might seem like they are prospering and flourishing while he is on the run. As well it is a world of miracles and salvation and where Mashiach can be born out of the most unlikely of circumstances and where the mountain of that sacrifice will become the place where Hashem will always be seen and will rest His shechina.

 

Avraham will learn in this world that through out it all Hashem will be there for him. His descendants will, for 3000 years, long for that mountain and for that shechina, after all of the sacrifices that we indeed bring and who were martyred on Kiddush Hashem- in the sanctification of Hashem’s name. Because we are the children of Avraham. Because we want the shechina. Because we understand that we don’t live in Yishmael’s world. Because we are the children of Rachel who can find our strength in our grief and because we know that the world that we see is not the real one.

 

There’s an incredible idea I saw from the Sefer Perach Shoshana written by one of the great Moroccan mystics in the early 1900’s. He notes that the verse tells us when the angels appeared to Avraham

 

“And he lifted his eyes and saw, and behold, three men were standing upon him, and he saw, and he ran toward them from the entrance of the tent, and he prostrated himself to the ground.”

 

There seems to be an extra word there. It tells us that he first lifted his eyes and saw and then right after that again it tells us that he saw again. What did he see the second time that he didn’t see the first time? Rashi gives his own interpretation, yet the Perach Shoshana quotes the mystics of Tzfat who tell us that what Avraham saw was not only the three angels, but he saw all of the martyrs of all of the generations coming with them.

 

“For Avraham is the father of all those who give up their lives for Kiddush Hashem- As he was the first to do so in the furnace of Nimrod. And his soul is in the Heichal of Ahava- the divine hall of love above. And whoever gives up their life in sanctification of Hashem’s name, Avraham runs from the pesach ha’ohel- from the entrance of the tent to greet them and says to them ‘Baruch Hashem you are from mine” and he places a crown upon their head. And he bows before them and gives thanks and praise to Hashem that he merited such descendants like them.”

 

When he saw the three men upon him, the Perach Shoshana explains, it means he saw Chananya Mishael and Azarya who were standing up from the merit of Avraham. They were Nitzavim Aluv-Standing on his spiritual shoulders. From the world that he came from. From the sacrifice that he implanted in us to be able to make to honor Hashem. And he ran to them to welcome them from his tent to bring them in, to embrace them with love, and to place that crown upon their head.

 

This was the welcome over 1400 of Avraham’s children got these past few weeks. The young children, the orphans, the Holocaust survivors of atrocities they thought they would never see again and yet they did and even worse. The holy soldiers who gave their lives to defend the land Avraham was promised and to defend the children that he prayed for that would inherit the land. Avraham himself came out to greet them. He crowned each of them. They are in the tent of love with him. They are there waiting in the real world- the olam ha’emes for us to bring enough light that will bring Mashiach and wash away all of the darkness. Enough faith that perhaps comes out in its greatest and brightest form from our grief to bring the end of days. The one day we long for that is around the corner.

 

Do you know what the difference is between a year that we blow the shofar and a year that we don’t? On a year that we blow the shofar, the sefarim tell us, that it only lasts as long as the sound goes. It’s only for those few hours. When we don’t blow the shofar though then it continues to go on and on and on. It doesn’t stop. On a year that we shake the Lulav and do our na’anuim- then we can only throw away all the evil spirits as far as we can stretch our arms. It only can last as long as we are still shaking it them. It’s finite. Yet on a year that we don’t. When we give it all up for Shabbos, for our Torah, for our faith? Then it goes on and on as far as it can go and forever.

 

Simchas Torah celebration in a regular year has a simcha that has to come to an end. The winter must start. We can shlep out it out with hakafot sheniyot a little bit longer…but it ends. A year when we had that simcha taken away doesn’t need hakafot sheniyot. The joy will last and keep going, exploding and expanding. And the year without Mama Rachel will as well be the one when her tears which never stopped falling may finally reach the mark. They may finally bring that last prophecy and promise Hashem made of V’shavu banim l’gvulam- her children will return from the land of their enemies. They will return from Gaza. They will return from all the countries that are hating and persecuting us more and more, that have never really been our home. They were always the enemy.

 

And then it will be the year of the V’shavu banim l’gvulam- her children… Avraham’s children, all our children…all of those that are in the tent of love up above… the 6 million’s children, Hashem’s children… all of them will return to our borders… Not just the 48’ borders, not the 67’ borders, but the borders that are from the sea to the sea- Israel will be free.  Ne’um Hashem- thus is the word of Hashem.

`

Have restful Shabbos,

Rabbi Ephraim Schwartz 

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YIDDISH PROVERB OF THE WEEK

“Vi zaif faren guf iz a trer far di neshomeh. -Like soap for the body, so are tears for the soul.

 

RABBI SCHWARTZ'S TOUR GUIDE EXAM QUESTION OF THE WEEK

answer below at end of Email

 

12.The "New Gate" in the walls of the Old City in Jerusalem was breached in the ________ century.

To what archeological style belongs the Al Jazzar Mosque in Acre?

A. Fatimid architecture

B. Umayyad architecture

C. Ottoman architecture

 D. Abassid architecture

 

RABBI SCHWARTZ’S COOL VIDEO OF THE WEEK

 

https://soundcloud.com/ephraim-schwartz/shomer-yisroel  – My latest moving composition- the prayer of all of us in this horrific war- Shomer Yisrael- Dovid Lowy did an amazing jobs on the vocals and arrangements

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5w8WSTpKp9w  – I have always been an Eli Dachs fan (Shloimie’s son) and glad to see him back with this beautiful rendition of Shwekey’s Mi She’beirach Chayalim

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og6rxyVVWKs  Fascinating Gaza War of King David (Hebrew) what he did when they took our hostages…

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HgKB4-kQdA    - Iyal Golan AM Yisrael Chai great song that says it all…

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMmYmCJbA5U   – Love this song going Viral Katan Aleinu…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3oXuVBZ0Cs    –And the War Song at all bases Kovshim et Azza!

 

 

RABBI SCHWARTZ’S PARSHA PRAYER INSPIRATION OF THE WEEK

The First Shacharis – It’s a strange verse in this week’s Parsha yet it contains the entire world of what our prayer is all about and the eternal message it carries for us right here and right now. It was the day after Avraham had argued unsuccessfully (Thank God) with Hashem on behalf of Sodom. The angels go in save Lot. Do what they need to do, and Sodom looks like Gaza. The story is over and yet there is an epilogue. The morning after.

 

Vayashkem Avraham Ba’Boker asher amad sham es pnai Elokim- And Avraham arose early in the morning to the place where he had stood before the Hashem.

 

We find a few places that Avraham was an early riser.  He gets up early to send out Hagar as per Hashem’s command to listen to his wife. He gets up early to take his son Yitzchak to the Akeida as per the command of Hashem. What’s the early ride over here? What’s even the purpose of this rising? What does he do on this early morning after?

 

“And he looked over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah and over the entire face of the land of the plain, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the earth had risen like the smoke of a furnace.”

That’s it. Story over. He gets up early to take a look at what’s going on in Sodom. Very very strange. He knows what’s going to happen. He knows that his prayers weren’t answered. So what is getting up for to check out. Is he like those guys that slow up traffic on the highway to see what happened in the accident up ahead?

 

What’s even more fascinating is that the previous verse tells us how the angels had told Lot that they shouldn’t turn back and see what’s going on. In fact Lot’s wife is turned into a pillar of salt just for violating that command. So what’s the point of Avraham’s looking out. And what does it mean that he went to pray specifically in the same place where Hashem had spoken to him.

 

The Radak quotes the Talmud that derives that what was taking place here with Avraham was in fact the establishment of the morning prayer. That word that he came to the place where he had “stood” before Hashem is the word Amida- like our shemona Esrei. As well the Talmud derives that this is the source that a person should have a set regular place to daven. It’s the source and reason why we have shuls. What is this first prayer of Shacharis all about? What inspires it and what should inspire us?

 

The answer perhaps can best be understood in what Avraham saw. He sees a furnace and smoke rising up. For someone who himself was thrown in a fiery furnace and who’s brother was killed in one by the wicked King Nimrod this had to have special meaning. This must have brought all of that back. He had davened, he had prayed, his nephew was in this wicked city. He thought that the world had perhaps moved on since Nimrods barbaric days after he had wiped him out. Never again was happening again. Evil was still there in the world. All his prayers hadn’t helped. The media and press are sitting there next to Avraham in that same place and laughing at him. What are you doing here? Who are you talking to? Hashem is not listening.

 

Yet, Avraham gets up early because he believes that it is a new morning. That every day is a new morning. That everyday we have to take on the challenge of the morning and wake up the morning with our prayer to Hashem. His faith is unshakeable. He will stand and keep standing between dark and night and morning and light and daven to Hashem and welcome that new light and day. That’s the kindness of the morning. That’s the faith of Avraham of every morning. That’s where and why we permanently establish our prayer. Because prayer needs to be permanent as our faith. We don’t need to move around, we don’t need to travel from here to there. Bilaam and Balak are running from place to place to curse us. We stand our ground and daven every day in the same place and with the same faith. That’s Shacharis and that’s our prayer.

 

What happened with that prayer? The next verse tells us that Hashem remembers Lot and saves him. That salvation is the birth of Mashiach, who descends from Lot and his daughters with the nations of Moav and Ammon. It’s Ruth, It’s King David, it’s the lineage of Shlomo through his wife Naama of Ammon. It’s our redemption today. Not bad for a new morning and that first Shacharis… May Hashem also answer our prayers and herald in a brand new morning as we look towards the destruction of Sodom and remember the furnaces of Aushwitz and recall our captives. 6633

 

RABBI SCHWARTZ'S ERA’S AND THEIR PLACES AND PEOPLE IN ISRAEL OF THE WEEK

 

The War that led to division- 620 BC – Our screen flashes back to the southern kingdom of Yehuda for this week. Yoash is king up North and with the death of Yoash the righteous who was ultimately murdered by his servants in Jerusalem his son Amatzia takes the reigns. He starts off avenging his father’s death by killing all the murderers of his father. Yet, unlike in past incidents he doesn’t take revenge against their children and families. He quotes the Torah that children shouldn’t be killed for their father’s sin. In doing so he shows he is righteous. As well the Navi tells us he follows in the ways of his righteous father and keeps out the idolatry yet, sadly he was not successful in getting rid of peoples personal altars that were forbidden to worship on as the service should be was only permitted in the Mikdash in Yerushalayim. That would cost him ultimately.

I want to just share some relevant thoughts about the Bama/private altar sin. The essence of the sin really is not idolatry. The nation believed and worshipped Hashem on them. The sin is that they couldn’t get together and give up their personal worship and come to the one place in Yerushalayim where we all need to come together to. They didn’t do this because of a distorted sense of religious self-righteousness. What do I need a Kohen for? I like my nusach, my own devotion, my own rebbe. What do I have to go to the kohen who is perhaps less educated or yeshivish than me… That’s called a bama. That’s what Hashem wanted us to wipe out. That’s the opposite of the purpose of the redemption. That’s perhaps what we’re suffering still from today.

 

With that division between us still standing, our enemy rose up. Amatzia is faced with the enemy in the South of Edom. Amatzia raises an army of 300,000 from Yehuda and Binyamin. By the way that’s about how many Miluimnikim- reserves that have been called up for the ongoing battle here. Yet, he feels that’s not enough. So he goes to the Northern Kingdoms and he hires 100,000 men from the tribe of Ephraim to join them. The fact that you have to pay Jews to come fight for one another is mind-blowing today. Baruch Hashem. Yet, that was the rift between the two kingdoms. Yet, in the end the prophet comes and tells Amatzia that this is a mistake. Ephraim are sinners. They won’t help us. Our wars are won from Hashem. We can do it without them.

 

Amatzia is hesitant, for he has already paid them. Yet, in the end he listens to the prophet. Writes out off the 100,000 talents of silver he had paid and he goes to war without them. And he wins! He chucks 10,000 Edomites that he took captive off the rock from their fortress in South by Gai Melach. I’m going to end on that note. We took 10,000 captives and we threw them off a rock and killed them. What do you think about that? Stay tuned next week.

 

RABBI SCHWARTZ'S FUNNY GAZA MEMES/ JOKES OF THE WEEK

 

We switched the clock this week in Israel so anyone that thinks that we can have peace here with our neighbors has another hour to dream

25% of Liberals are on medication for mental illness. That’s scary because that means that 75% are walking around untreated.

 

What happens when a fly falls into a coffee cup?

The Italian - throws the cup and walks away in a fit of rage

The Frenchman - takes out the fly, and drinks the coffee

The Chinese - eats the fly and throws away the coffee

The Israeli - sells the coffee to the Frenchman, the fly to the Chinese, buys himself a new cup of coffee and uses the extra money to invent a Device that prevents flies from falling into coffee.

The Palestinian - blames the Israeli for the fly falling into his coffee, protests the act of aggression to the UN, takes a loan from the European Union for a new cup of coffee, uses the money to purchase explosives and then blows up the coffee house where the Italian, the Frenchman, and the Chinese, are trying to explain to the Israeli why he should give away his cup of coffee to the Palestinian in exchange for peace

 

A drone that was sent in from Yemen to Eilat was just blew itself up when it realized how much a room costs for a night there.

 

I don’t know what’s wrong with Israeli intelligence these days. Any child could’ve told you that if the Teimanim- Yemenites were going to try to come into Israel they would come to Eilat first because of it’s tax’ duty free status

 

You could tell a lot about a woman by her hand motions. For example if she’s holding a gun at you, it means she’s angry.

 

Muhammed calls the Israeli Electric company: “Hello, this is Muhammed I live in the Riamel neighborhood in Gaza and it seems that we don’t have any electricity”

Electric company ; “You still have a neighborhood?”

 

Good idea for Nasralla’s speech tomorrow. Israeli hijacks the feed and plays Manny Matara instead the whole time…

 

The Wizard of Oz is 84 years old this week. If Dorothy were to meet creatures with no brains, no courage and no heart she wouldn’t be in Oz. She would be in Harvard

 

Mother to Child in 2023- “If you don’t stop lying all the time the only thing you will grow up to be is a BBC reporter.

 

The Iranian foreign minister has announced that Hamas is open to releasing all of the hostages and transfer them to Iran. Please tell him that we will as well release all of the Hamas prisoners and release them to the hill-top youth in Yitzhar.

 

For the last eight days the media has been reporting that there is only enough gas in Gaza to last for one more day. It’s a modern Chanuka miracle.

 

In World War I when the men returned from battle they discovered that the women had taken their places in the factories and companies and the world changed never to go back. A similar phenomena will occur after this war when the men will return and discover that women know how to set the Shabbos clock by themselves!

 

OK so Bolivia has announced that they are cutting off all Diplomatic ties with Israel as a result of the war in Gaza. I’m happy to know if anyone has any recommendations where I can get salmonella, herpes, cholerea, and chlamydia from drinking water from?

 

The answer to this week”s question is C – Got this one totally wrong. I probably would’ve skipped it as there are 5 questions you’re allowed to skip on the exam. Architecture is not my strong point, Muslim architecture even less so, and all of the different Muslim dynasties and their names and years is perhaps the least interesting to me and I don’t know if I ever got it straight. So the New Gate in Jerusalem I has no clue. I guessed 12th century and the answer is 19th century. I probably should’ve gone with that in the first place, as all of the old city walls really date back to the Turks which only started after the 16th century. So that part wasa wrong. The second part the truth is had I read the question correctly I probably would’ve got it right. I got thrown off talking about Jerusalem and thought it was asking about Al Aktza mosque on the Temple Mount and went with Ayubbid. Only when I saw the answer did I realize they were talking about El Jazzar in Akko, which in fact I did know as I guide a lot in Akko and El Jazzar was there in the Turkish period. So anyways this one is totally wrong yet I’m still ahead of the game with the new score being Rabbi Schwartz at 8.5 point and the MOT having 3.5 point on this latest Ministry of Tourism exam.